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European regulators have launched a formal investigation into Amazon's practices in the e-book market.

In a statement released Thursday, the European Commission announced that its antitrust investigation will focus on Amazon's contracts with publishers — and whether the Internet retailer is abusing its dominant position as the largest e-book distributor in Europe.

The commission, the 28-member executive arm of the European Union, is especially concerned with a few key parts of those contracts.

In particular, NPR's Lynn Neary reports, "The commission is concerned about specific clauses that require publishers to inform Amazon about more favorable or alternative terms offered by its competitors."

Margrethe Vestager, the commission's chief of competition policy, stressed that the case won't be casting a broad net. She made a point in the statement of mentioning that the investigation will not call into question Amazon's "successful business that offers consumers a comprehensive service, including for e-books.

"However," she continued, "it is my duty to make sure that Amazon's arrangements with publishers are not harmful to consumers, by preventing other e-book distributors from innovating and competing effectively with Amazon."

Amazon, for its part, said it would cooperate fully with the investigation, and that it was "confident" its deals with publishers "are legal and in the best interests of readers," according to The Wall Street Journal.

As The New York Times points out, this is not the first time this year that Amazon has come underneath the microscope of the EU's antitrust office. In January, the commission found that arrangements made more than a decade ago between Amazon and the government of Luxembourg, which the retailer calls home in Europe, amounted to an unfair advantage for Amazon.

Amazon also isn't the first U.S. tech giant to face such scrutiny. In April, the EU lobbed antitrust charges at Google, accusing the company of tilting search results in favor of its own shopping service. And, as the commission was quick to mention, Apple and five major publishing houses were subject to similar allegations of collusion in the European e-book market just a few years ago. Those allegations were settled when the companies "offered a number of commitments" that assuaged the commission's concerns.

publishing

e-books

European Union

Amazon

Rupert Murdoch, the 84-year-old Australian-born media baron, says he will step down as head of the global media empire 21st Century Fox, ceding the reins to his son James.

A source has confirmed to NPR's David Folkenflik that James Murdoch would become head of the company. The elder Murdoch will become co-executive chairman with another son, Lachlan.

NPR's Yuki Noguchi reports that the company has not confirmed its transition plan, which was first reported by CNBC, but said in a statement that the issue of succession is coming up at a board meeting.

The Murdoch media dynasty includes not only Fox's film and cable business, but also News Corporation and The Wall Street Journal. Sources say Murdoch will still continue to be a force at both Fox and News Corp.

The Guardian adds:

"This restructuring will not necessarily clarify which of Murdoch's sons eventually takes over the running of the global media business.

"A spokeswoman for 21st Century Fox said: "The matter of succession is on the agenda at our upcoming, regularly scheduled board meeting."

"The news was leaked ahead of this board meeting due to take place in New York next week."

The elder Murdoch set the succession plan in motion last year by naming James co-chief operating officer at 21st Century Fox and Lachlan to the post at News Corp.

Reuters notes: "In interviews, some top investors who know James, and other people familiar with the company, describe him as curious and a risk taker like his father. But they also cite two big differences that they like: James is less sentimental about certain assets than his father and he is more enthusiastic about courting shareholders."

News Corporation

Rupert Murdoch

Fox News

A day after news emerged that soccer's world body paid Ireland not to protest a blatant handball by France's Thierry Henry in 2009, the Football Association of Ireland is releasing more details about the arrangement — including a copy of a signed deal.

FIFA paid the FAI more than 5 million euros — equal to around $7 million at the time of the transaction in January 2010 — so that the Irish would quit their plans for a legal appeal.

"We felt we had a legal case against FIFA because of how the World Cup play-off hadn't worked out for us with the Henry handball," FAI CEO John Delaney tells Irish broadcaster RTE.

It's the latest report of millions of dollars changing hands over FIFA and the World Cup. While earlier news has alleged hefty bribes over the awarding of the tournament, this case centers on a pivotal play in a World Cup playoff game that played in a key role in Ireland staying home for the 2010 Cup.

The play in November of 2009 was immediately controversial — particularly after Henry admitted that he used his hand to guide the ball shortly before a crucial goal. Ireland was eliminated on aggregate goals, 2-1.

Ireland loudly protested and demanded to play France again. But FIFA offered a different accommodation: a confidential payment to the country's soccer association that was initially called an interest-free loan. Last summer, the loan was forgiven, in a note that cited Ireland's failure to qualify for the 2010 and 2014 World Cups.

FIFA acknowledged the arrangement Thursday. And today, saying that the rules of confidentiality no longer were in play, the FAI published an agreement signed by FIFA Secretary General Jerome Volcke, his deputy Markus Kattner, and FAI's CEO, John Delaney.

The first page provides some details:

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The first page of a four-page agreement between FIFA and Ireland's soccer association outlines the terms of a 5 million euro payment. FAI hide caption

itoggle caption FAI

The first page of a four-page agreement between FIFA and Ireland's soccer association outlines the terms of a 5 million euro payment.

FAI

The FAI says it used the FIFA payment for a new stadium, and that its leaders kept the organizations board informed about the FIFA money, which was kept in its central account.

The Irish group also released several bank records, including one showing a transfer of 5 million euros from FIFA. The group included a letter from Kattner to Delaney written in 2014 which concludes, "the credit position vis a vis the FAI stands at nil."

"All of the information above is contained in our audited accounts," the FAI says.

The organization says its board "acted at all times in the best interests of Irish football, and in full compliance with Irish company law."

FIFA

Soccer

Ireland

As of Friday, the number of Republican presidential candidates stands at 10 and counting. It's a number that's certain to grow in the coming weeks with the expected official entrances of former Florida Gov. Jeb Bush, Louisiana Gov. Bobby Jindal and, yes, even Donald Trump.

At this point, the better question might be who isn't going to run. Ohio Gov. John Kasich sure sounded like a likely candidate in an interview with NPR's Don Gonyea this week in Iowa. And Wisconsin Gov. Scott Walker is all-but-in.

That leaves Chris Christie as the only question mark on the GOP side. The New Jersey governor probably wishes he had a time machine to go back to 2012, when he was atop the polls and seen as the biggest threat to eventual nominee Mitt Romney. But Christie passed, casting an eye toward 2016 instead. Now, four years later, his poll numbers have sunk, and he's embroiled in scandal. Christie is still making noise with town halls this week in New Hampshire and Iowa – the format where he excels most – but he he's nowhere near the top tier anymore.

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The Wall Street Journal calculated that retired neurosurgeon Ben Carson and his wife earned between $8.9 million and $27 million in the 16 months since he began dipping his toe in the presidential waters — from speeches, books and corporate boards. Mary Schwalm/Associated Press hide caption

itoggle caption Mary Schwalm/Associated Press

The Wall Street Journal calculated that retired neurosurgeon Ben Carson and his wife earned between $8.9 million and $27 million in the 16 months since he began dipping his toe in the presidential waters — from speeches, books and corporate boards.

Mary Schwalm/Associated Press

The importance of being a presidential candidate. There was one reason this week why the field might be so crowded – running for president can improve candidates' personal financial stock. The Wall Street Journal calculated that retired neurosurgeon Ben Carson and his wife earned between $8.9 million and $27 million in the 16 months since he began dipping his toe in the presidential waters — from speeches, books and corporate boards. Given the buzz he's generated recently, Carson can expect much more even if he's unsuccessful, as long as he doesn't flame out in controversy. In 2008, former Arkansas Gov. Mike Huckabee parlayed his second-place finish into a lucrative Fox News contract, as did many other former rivals. If you're wondering why people like former New York Gov. George Pataki are running – yes, they have policy and ideas they want to push, but it also makes them relevant again. One cautionary tale, however. The 2012 presidential campaign didn't help former House Speaker Newt Gingrich. His Gingrich Group LLC, where the majority of his wealth was tied up, filed for bankruptcy in April 2012.

Rick Perry's promise. Another candidate who is hoping for another shot at relevance is former Texas Gov. Rick Perry. Perhaps no candidate has more to prove than Perry in 2016. The Texas governor entered the 2012 presidential race with great fanfare – then quickly flamed out. His infamous "oops" summed up his floundering campaign, but in reality his fate in the race had been sealed long before that. As we wrote last week in Iowa, Perry appears to be a changed man on the campaign trail – he's full of energy and sports a new look (though his wife, Anita, insists the glasses were necessary). And he just got a big get in Iowa with the endorsement of influential Iowa conservative radio host and activist Sam Clovis. Clovis backed former Pennsylvania Sen. Rick Santorum in 2012, who went on to narrowly win Iowa that year. It is a notable loss, however, for Santorum in this more crowded field. State observers say to watch Perry over the next few weeks – he's building a good team in Iowa. And though his poll numbers don't reflect momentum yet, he has the potential to make a big surprise.

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Chafee's mangled announcement – ranging from his wife asking on Facebook if any of his staff knew his password to his push to implement the metric system – overshadowed the real message he's been trying to push for months. Manuel Balce Ceneta/Associated Press hide caption

itoggle caption Manuel Balce Ceneta/Associated Press

Chafee's mangled announcement – ranging from his wife asking on Facebook if any of his staff knew his password to his push to implement the metric system – overshadowed the real message he's been trying to push for months.

Manuel Balce Ceneta/Associated Press

The (possible) impact of Lincoln Chafee. One candidate who didn't have a great rollout this week was Republican-turned-independent-turned-Democrat Lincoln Chafee, who officially entered the Democratic race for president Wednesday. Chafee's mangled announcement – ranging from his wife asking on Facebook if any of his staff knew his password to his push to implement the metric system – overshadowed the real message he's been trying to push for months. As an original Iraq War opponent, he has promised to needle Hillary Clinton on her initial vote to authorize the invasion in 2002 – a sticking point for many Democratic voters in her failed first try for president in 2008. It's an issue Chafee is passionate about, and he devoted more than half of his announcement it — albeit, to a room with a lot of empty seats at George Mason University. Like Vermont Sen. Bernie Sanders (I), who reminds voters of Clinton's weaknesses with the left on domestic issues, Chafee does so on foreign policy.

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